Polyester viscose fabric is a functional textile material blended from polyester (polyester fiber) and viscose fibers. It combines the stiffness and wear resistance of polyester with the softness and breathability of viscose and is widely used in clothing, home textiles, and other fields. Its production process primarily involves four steps: raw material preparation, spinning, weaving, and finishing.
During the raw material preparation stage, the fiber ratio must be strictly controlled. Typically, the polyester to viscose ratio is adjusted based on the desired fabric performance (common ratios are 65:35 or 50:50). Polyester fiber is produced from chips by melt spinning, while viscose fiber is obtained by dissolving wood or cotton linters in an alkaline solution and then spinning them. Both fibers are opened, cleaned, and blended separately to ensure uniformity.
During the spinning process, the blended fibers are produced into yarn using either ring spinning or open-end spinning. Viscose fiber is highly hygroscopic and must be processed in a humidity-controlled environment to avoid static electricity. Regarding polyester, thermal shrinkage at high temperatures requires attention. After spinning, the yarn undergoes winding, doubling, and twisting to enhance its strength and uniformity.
In the weaving stage, either weaving or knitting is selected based on the fabric's intended use. Weaving primarily utilizes plain and twill weaves, emphasizing structural stability; knitting prioritizes elasticity and comfort. Weaving equipment requires adjusting tension parameters based on the characteristics of the blended yarn to prevent viscose fibers from fuzzing due to friction.
Finishing is key to enhancing fabric performance and includes steps such as desizing, setting, softening, and pre-shrinking. Polyester fibers are set at high temperatures to enhance dimensional stability, while viscose fibers require weak acid treatment to neutralize residual alkali to improve their feel. Finally, quality inspection ensures that the fabric meets standards for color fastness, shrinkage, and other factors.
The production of polyester and viscose fabrics requires the coordinated development of multiple processes, leveraging meticulous control to maximize the complementary strengths of the two fibers, ultimately resulting in a textile product that combines functionality and comfort.
